The Liver is the Zang-fu organ that corresponds to the Wood element and springtime according to the Five Element theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is often referred to as “the viscus of Wind and Wood”. As in nature, after a quiet dormant winter, we enter into spring with a burst of energy and new growth. The Liver regulates the free flow of Qi, regulates and stores the Blood, regulates the emotions, governs the tendons/ligaments (sinews), nourishes and supports the eyes, and helps regulate the hormones to promote normal reproductive health. If these functions are disrupted, then Stagnation of Qi and fundamental substances can occur which leads to problems with digestion, blood circulation, reproduction, vision, weakness/inflexibility of the joints and emotional disorders. There are many patterns of disharmony identified in Chinese medicine that cause Liver dysfunction and disease. This paper is intended to discuss the five most common patterns and their pathophysiology to promote clarity and understanding of how these patterns develop and to help the practitioner of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine (TCVM) to advance their knowledge and use of Chinese herbal medicine to treat disharmonies of the Wood element. The patterns of Liver disharmony that will be reviewed are, Liver Qi Stagnation, Liver Fire and Liver Yang Rising, Liver-Spleen disharmony and Liver Blood Deficiency.
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